There are 4 main categories of physical and chemical means of decontamination: (1) heat; (2) liquid disinfection; (3) vapors and gases; and (4) radiation. 14. 5. In many cases, gross contamination can be removed by physical means involving dislodging/displacement, rinsing, wiping off, and evaporation. \\ Removing clothing and washing with warm soapy water How is the victim of a pulmonary agent exposure presenting with respiratory distress less than 4 hours after exposure classified? If No, (Arrow to box below) Decontaminate as much as possible. (End), If Yes, (Arrow to fifth box below) Can appropriate protective measures be institution. 13. Physical state of wastes. stand for? These cleaning solutions normally utilize one or more of the following methods: Dissolving contaminants. Perform assisted ventilation is necessary. A health physicist should be consulted if this situation arises. The Station 8 numbered hexagon has two arrows, the first arrow points to Station 9: Tank Change and Redress - Boot Cover/Outer Gloves, which has an upward arrow that crosses the HOTLINE reentering the EXCLUSION ZONE, and the second arrow, continuing downward to Station 10: Safety Boot Removal, to Station 11: Splash Suit Removal, to to Station 12: Inner Glove Wash, to Station 13: Inner Glove Rinse, to Station 14: Face Piece Removal, to Station 15: Inner Glove Removal, to Station 16: Inner Clothing Removal which has an arrow crossing downward past the CONTAMINATION CONTROL LINE, to Station 17: Field Wash (within the SUPPORT ZONE), which has an arrow across to Station 18: Redress, the final station. Chemical Detector Paper/Kits. What do you do first? 14. A metallic taste in the mouth, epigastric distress, and possible nausea and vomiting are ingestion symptoms for which chemical agent? As a result some support vehicles, crew-served weapons, barrier material, and ammunition were exposed to chemical-warfare hazards. Temperature. What to do in case of a CB attack? During an emergency, provisions must also be made for protecting medical personnel and disposing of contaminated clothing and equipment. If No, (Arrow to box on left side below) Take additional measures to prevent contamination or find another decontamination method. Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor? Table 2. Which of the below courses of action is most appropriate for the situation? Infinite positively charged sheet 1 has uniform surface charge density 1=+4.0nC/m2\sigma _ { 1 } = + 4.0 \mathrm { nC } / \mathrm { m } ^ { 2 }1=+4.0nC/m2 and is located in the yz plane of a Cartesian coordinate system. In other cases, decontamination personnel may be sufficiently protected by wearing one level lower protection (e.g., wearing Level C protection while decontaminating workers who are wearing Level B). 1. AMedP-7.1 Medical Management of CBRN Casualties AMedP-7.2 CBRN First Aid Handbook Emergency contact number: Poisons / CBRN specialist advice or notification number: Local medical facility notification number: Military liaison number: NOTES CBRN First Responser (Medical) Card 2 AMedP-7.2.1(J9) Version 1 (EN) 4. Stop leaks at the brow, temple, and cheeks. What are the proper masking procedures? Remove and open canteen. Similarly, any injuries to the skin surface, such as cuts and scratches, may enhance the potential for chemicals or infectious agents that directly contact the worker's skin to penetrate into the body. Remove your headgear and remove glasses if worn Wash inner gloves with decon solution. Which of the following bacterial diseases is contagious person to person? Rinse solutions selected to wash off and reduce the hazards associated with the contaminants. Be incompatible with the hazardous substances being removed (Le., a decontamination method may react with contaminants to produce an explosion, heat, or toxic products). How does cyanide cause cell death in the body? CBRN medical treatment kits are issued to medical elements based on the CBRN threat. At a hazardous waste site, decontamination facilities should be located in the Contamination Reduction Zone (CRZ), i.e., the area between the Exclusion Zone (the contaminated area) and the Support Zone (the clean area) as shown in 3. Grasp the head harness tab and pull the head harness over your head 5. What form of ionizing radiation is the least penetrating? Which vesicant (blister agent) is suspected? Which of the following statements does NOT describe Brucellosis? The MOPP chemical protective ensemble components are donned in a set order depending on the MOPP level. 8. What is the correct procedure for doffing the M50 Joint-Service General Purpose Mask (JSGPM)? What toxin do you suspect and how do you treat it? 3. 7. For this reason, minimizing contact time is one of the most important objectives of a decontamination program. Assume laminar flow. Avoid cold water which tends to close skin pores, trapping radioactive contamination. Establish methods for disposing of clothing and equipment that are not completely decontaminated. DC. (correct) Remove patients clothing, ensure agent does not contact skin during removal. Contamination of victims/casualties must be considered as part of the initial assessment and an effective method for rescue, decontamination and medical treatment must be provided. Which of the following is correct when it comes to MOPP? The Station 8 numbered hexagon has two arrows, the first arrow points to Station 9: Tank Change and Redress - Boot Cover/Outer Gloves, which has an upward arrow that crosses the HOTLINE reentering the EXCLUSION ZONE, and the second arrow, continuing downward to Station 10: Safety Boot Removal, to Station 11: SCBA Backpack Removal, to Station 12: Splash Suit Removal, to Station 13: Inner Glove Wash, to Station 14: Inner Glove Rinse, to Station 15: Face Piece Removal, to Station 16: Inner Glove Removal, to Station 17: Inner Clothing Removal which has an arrow crossing downward past the CONTAMINATION CONTROL LINE, to Station 18: Field Wash (within the SUPPORT ZONE), which has an arrow across to Station 19: Redress, the final station. During hot weather operations, a cool down station may be set up within this area. Wipe testing provides after-the-fact information on the effectiveness of decontamination. Do not wear inner clothing off-site since there 'is a possibility that small amounts of contaminant might have been transferred in removing the fully-encapsulating suit. Do not wear inner clothing off-site since there is a possibility that small amounts of contaminants might have been transferred in removing the fully-encapsulating suit. In addition to routine decontamination procedures, emergency decontamination procedures must be established. (Continue to decision arrow below) Further Medical Attention or Surveillance Required? important steps that you should take. 3. What are the four methods of decontamination? What blood test is available that will give an accurate estimate of radiation dose? Removal of electrostatically attached materials can be enhanced by coating the clothing or equipment with anti-static solutions. Ultraviolet light. Select the important steps that you should take. Contact higher headquarters (HQ) if no contamination is found or if you determine the attack was non-CB. A group of people is presenting with a delayed onset of blisters and a dry productive cough that later turns productive. From a health and safety standpoint, two key questions must be addressed: Decontamination methods vary in their effectiveness for removing different substances. In this procedure, a dry or wet cloth, glass fiber filter paper, or swab is wiped over the surface of the potentially contaminated object and then analyzed in a laboratory. After an enemy rocket attack, your unit's chemical audio-visual alarms begin signaling the presence of a chemical-warfare agent (CWA). Many factors, such as cost, availability, and ease of implementation, influence the selection of a decontamination method. Plastic sheeting, sealed pads with drains, or other appropriate methods for containing and -collecting contaminated wash and rinse solutions spilled during decontamination. Describe how amino acids join to form a peptide bond . Removal of adhesive contaminants can be enhanced through certain methods such as solidifying, freezing (e.g., using dry ice or ice water), adsorption or absorption (e.g., with powdered lime or kitty litter), or melting. Check hood seal by another Marine. Decontamination methods either (1) physically remove contaminants, (2) inactivate contaminants by chemical detoxification or disinfection/sterilization, or (3) remove contaminants by a combination of both physical and chemical means. Determine the decontamination equipment needed. 3.5 Many chemical agents have immediately observable medical effects2 and should be removed as rapidly as possible, even by resorting to emergency decontamination3 if necessary, to save life and prevent injury. Used in life-threatening situations, the goal is to remove contaminant as quickly as possible. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of these fast-acting compounds that attack oxygen-dependent tissues known to be particularly sensitive to these compounds?, You approach the scene of a terrorist incident that occurred 2 minutes prior in an enclosed room. The brucellae are highly infectious via the aerosol route and brucellosis is associated with a high mortality rate. Patients with concurrent surgical injuries and radiation exposure should either be operated on expeditiously or _____________________________. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is generally divided into two categories. 5. If worker leaves exclusion zone to change air tank, this is the last step in the decontamination procedure. Emergency Preparedness and Response Course -, Emergency Preparedness and Response Course, Emergency Preparedness and Response Course- C, Emergency Preparedness Response Course (EPRC), Emergency preparedness and response course- C. Shower if highly toxic skin-corrosive or skin-absorbable materials are known or suspected to be present. A dashed line cutting vertically through this rectangle indicates the HOTLINE. If Yes, (Arrow to fourth box below) Can appropriate decontamination materials or process pose health or safety hazards? Natural light. Remove safety boots and deposit in container with plastic liner. Rub sorbent into target areas Personnel who wish to enter clean areas of the decontamination facility, such as locker rooms, should be completely decontaminated. The filter service life indicator turns blue. Does the method itself pose any health or safety hazards? 15. 5. Match each chemical protective ensemble component to the correct MOPP level when it is first donned. Molecules flow from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. Following a nuclear detonation, some of the casualties with survivable injuries are possibly contaminated with radiological material. What level of civilian chemical equipment would healthcare providers don when providing The primary toxicity of pulmonary agents is to the _____ and follows _____ of smoke, particles, valors, or gases. (A series of three arrows in the upper right, one arrow 20 degrees above and the other arrow 20 degrees below the central arrow, indicate wind direction toward the HOTLINE.) Pose a direct health hazard to workers (e.g., vapors from chemical decontamination solutions may be hazardous if inhaled, or they may be flammable). Loose contaminants. Deposit equipment used on site (tools, sampling devices and containers, monitoring instruments, radios, clipboards, etc.) Pull the end of the leg strap and adjust to proper fit. 4) Which of the following decontamination method is NOT recommended for removing vesicants from casualties? Initially from a priority standpoint, emergency decontamination is more concerned with . 2. If the total blood volume of the individual is 5.2 L, how many grams of total blood cholesterol does the individual's body contain? What is the preferred treatment to block the effects of excessive ACh? Practice protective measures of time, distance, and shielding. 47) The decontamination site should NOT be located: Near waterways and drainage systems (correct) Upwind of the hot zone On a hard, non-porous surface Uphill from the hot zone. Treatment of patients suffering from pulmonary agent exposure should focus on? Physical methods involving high pressure and/or heat should be used only as necessary and with caution since they can spread contamination and cause burns. You suspect Lewisite. EXCLUSION ZONE (Each station has a numbered hexagon and arrow pointing to next station in a line above the HOTLINE) A flow chart from Station 1: Segregated Equipment Drop, to Station 2: Boot Cover & Glove Wash, to Station 3: Boot Cover & Glove Rinse, to Station 4: Tape Removal, to Station 5: Boot Cover Removal, to Station 6: Outer Glove Removal (The arrow at Station 6 points downward across the HOTLINE into the CONTAMINATION REDUCTION ZONE. A viscous fluid (specific weight =80lb/ft3;=80 \mathrm{lb} / \mathrm{ft}^3 ;=80lb/ft3; viscosity =0.03lbs/ft2=0.03 \mathrm{lb} \cdot \mathrm{s} / \mathrm{ft}^2=0.03lbs/ft2 ) is contained between two infinite. Stow clear outsert and clear outsert pouch. The door is open; many victims are lying . Methods of Decontamination Neutralization- Adding other chemicals to the contaminating agent to make that agent less toxic or non-toxic. If Yes, (Arrow to third box below) Are the decontamination materials compatible with the materials to be decontaminated? Sodium nitrite can increase methemoglobin levels, which will decrease blood oxygenation. 1. If Yes, (Arrow to sixth box on right side) Method OK to use. However, not all contaminants leave visible traces; many contaminants can permeate clothing and are not easily observed. An increase in temperature generally increases the permeation rate of contaminants. The fluid moves between the plates under the action of a pressure gradient, and the upper plate moves with a velocity UUU while the bottom plate is fixed. What type of biological toxin is predominantly derived from the bean of the castor plant? General Guide to Solubility of Contaminants In Four Solvent Types. The most commonly recommended SPI consists of three HI-6/atropine auto-injectors, one diazepam auto-injector, two Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion pouches, as well as a seven-day supply of pyridostigmine bromide or a supply of antibiotics, for each CAF member. How does cyanide cause cell death in the body? Wash with decon solution that will not harm the skin. 2. A)1.410101.4 \times 10^{-10} Physical Removal Why is it important to preserve biodiversity? Suppose that you are standing on a skateboard near a wall and you push on the wall with a force of 30N30 \mathrm{~N}30N. Outer Garment, Boots, and Gloves Wash and Rinse. The decontamination process should consist of a series of procedures performed in a specific sequence. The Station 8 numbered hexagon has two arrows, the first arrow points to Station 9: Change and Redress - Boot Cover/Outer Gloves, which has an upward arrow that crosses the HOTLINE reentering the EXCLUSION ZONE, and the second arrow, continuing downward to Station 10: Safety Boot Removal, to Station 11: Fully Encapsulating Suit with Hard Hat Removal, to Station 12: SCBA Backpack Removal, to Station 13: Inner Glove Wash, to Station 14: Inner Glove Rinse, to Station 15: Face Piece Removal, to Station 16: Inner Glove Removal, to Station 17: Inner Clothing Removal which has an arrow crossing downward past the CONTAMINATION CONTROL LINE, to Station 18: Field Wash (within the SUPPORT ZONE), which has an arrow across to Station 19: Redress, the final station. Pull hood over FPM 7. Removing clothing and washing with warm soapy water. Boots, fully-encapsulating suit, inner gloves removed and deposited in separate containers lined with plastic. . The Ka of HZ is ________. For example, proper procedures for dressing prior to entering the Exclusion Zone will minimize the potential for contaminants to bypass the protective clothing and escape decontamination. Which of the following four decontamination planning factors is the commander using in the decision to decontaminate the weapons and ammunition before the support vehicles? In general, all fasteners should be used (i.e., zippers fully closed, all buttons used, all snaps closed, etc.) 6. Lift your mask away from your face. These procedures were derived from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response's (OERR), "Interim Standard Operating Safety Guides (revised Sep. 82)". The information in this document is meant to supplement methods and procedures in FM 3-11.5 based on current guidance from the CDC and World Health Organization (WHO). DECONTAMINATION GUIDANCE FOR CHEMICAL INCIDENTS The Primary Response Incident Scene Management (PRISM) series was written to provide authoritative, evidence-based guidance on mass patient disrobe and decontamination during a chemical incident. What level of civilian chemical equipment would healthcare providers don when providing initial medical treatment after an incident but not involved with decontamination? 3. Victims caught in a fire have inhaled toxic smoke from furnishings and plastics that have released cyanide in the burning process. In dental health care settings, all instrument cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing should occur in a designated central processing area in order to more easily control quality and ensure safety. Pour sorbent onto mitt, gently shake 5. Paper or cloth towels for drying protective clothing and equipment. Chemical disinfectants are a practical means of inactivating infectious agents. Establish procedures to prevent contamination of clean areas. The door is open; many victims are lying on the floor. This chapter describes the types of contamination that workers may encounter at a waste site, the factors that influence the extent of contamination, and methods for preventing or reducing contamination. Storage tanks of appropriate treatment systems for temporary storage and/or treatment of contaminated wash and rinse solutions. ____ poisoning. Remove inner gloves and deposit in container with liner. These types of weapons have the ability to create both mass casualties as well as mass disruption of society. Raise the mask to your face and place your chin firm in the chin cup The decontamination site should NOT be located: What is the best method of decontamination? Wash solutions selected to remove and reduce the hazards associated with the contamination. __________ occurs when people comes in direct contact with a harmful agent at or near an incident. Patient presents with 5-day-old blisters/rash mostly on the arm, face and hands. 48) What is the best method of decontamination? Perform two decontamination cycles if feasible, with a whole body radiation survey after each cycle. January 1985. Methods of Disinfection Many disinfectants are used alone or in combinations (e.g., hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid) in the health-care setting. The following methods may be useful in assessing the effectiveness of decontamination. 11. Your unit has responded within minutes to a suspected CBRNE incident. Long-handled, soft-bristled brushes to help wash and rinse off contaminants. Remove mitt for decom kit Remove any liquid nerve agent. The primary focus of atomic, biological and chemical (ABC) programs was to, train selected deployable Air Force personnel on ABC defense . Each procedure should be performed at a separate station in order to prevent cross contamination.
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