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WebANTIOCHENE THEOLOGY The dominant theology of the early Church in Antioch. Alexandria had it's own form of Christology, that defined the Human Nature in the Hypostatic Union to be a generic human nature, and this was in contrast (although not incompatible) with the Antiochene Christology that define's Christ's Human nature as a specific human being. [7], Such was the heritage of Origens forbears. For him, God the Logos raised the dead Lazarus, while the man Jesus wept at the tomb. It is at once powerful and fragile, majestic and humble. This desire to avoid both the Scylla of Judaism and the Charybdis of Gnosticism (or better, Marcionism) set the stage for a multiplicity of Christian approaches to Mosaic Law. El misterio de la Encarnacin segn Cirilo de Alejandra, From Philosophy to Pastoral: A Theological Review and the Pastoral Explications of the Doctrine of the Two Natures in Christ -Chalcedon and Luther, Cyril, Nestorius, and the Logos: A Re-Examination of Early Church Epistles, The Practical Christology of Philoxenos of Mabbug, E. Artemi, The Christological Controversy between Nestorius of Constantinople and Cyril of Alexandria, A Critical Assessment of St Cyril of Alexandrias On the Unity of Christ, and its Significance for Patristic and Modern Theology, Christological Controversies of the First Four Ecumenical Councils, Cyril of Alexandria and Gregory Nazianzen: Tradition and Complexity in Patristic Christology, The Early Christological Controversy: Apollinarius, Diodore, and Gregory Nazianzen. Change). The goal of this paper will be to evaluate the life and work of one representative of the Alexandrian tradition, Origen of Alexandria. Palabras clave: Theotokos, Anthropotokos, Cristologa, Mariologa, Cirilo de Alejandra. In their Christology they stressed the divinity of Christ. [14] Origen was persuaded that all rational creatures, excepting young children,[15] were accountable to some law or another. Educational programs for all ages are offered through e learning, beginning from the online In large measure, Origen inherited this de-historicizing and allegorizing approach to Scripture from two earlier Alexandrians: Philo and Clement. One important distinction is that between Mosaic Law and natural law. St. Vladimirs Theological Quarterly 52, no. Such blending of Greek and Jewish categories is also seen in his handling of Mosaic Law. helped me to continue my class without quitting job. The difference between Alexandria and Antioch was not exegetical; it was theological. [20] In this respect, one sees a clear overlap with the content of Mosaic Law, and especially the Ten Commandments. Cirilo se sumerge en el debate con invectivas fuertes, remitiendo un documento Para Nestorio, el nuevo Judas. Lx0d`U}rY @ v Qe` v6SG 1>} Z` mN |
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But the nature and extent of this discontinuity would continue to be debated. WebCompatibility of Antiochene and Alexandrian Christology - Read online for free. This makes Origen unique among early Christian interpreters in ascribing such a pedagogical significance to the fall of Jerusalem. Para l, el Logos de Dios resucit a Lzaro de la muerte, mientras que el hombre Jess llor ante su tumba. WebThe Antiochenes looked at Scripture for moral improvement; the Alexandrians sought theosis through contemplative reading. WebThe theology of the Alexandrian school was influenced by the Platonic traditions of Philosophy. I was already a teacher by profession and I was searching for some B.Ed. [2] Even during his own lifetime, he would prove to be a controversial figure. Externally, the schools are not as distinct as they have been made out to be: the Alexandrians do not allegorize away the OT as much as has been thought, and the Antiochenes are not necessarily more literal in their methods than the Alexandrians. Por otro lado, el trmino Anthropotokos reconoce que Mara es la madre de este hombre, pero dicho trmino puede en s mismo dar a entender que l no es ms que un hombre, lo cual de nuevo es ofensivo a la fe cristiana ortodoxa en la deidad de Cristo. Christ had two natures. Nestorio sostuvo que el trmino Theotokos no hizo justicia al hecho de que, en sentido Eirini ARTEMI, The rejection of the term Theotokos by Nestorius of Constantinople and the refutation of his teaching by Cyril of Alexandria De Medio Aevo 2 (2012 / 2) ISSN-e 2255-5889 126 estricto, Mara no fue la madre de Dios, sino la madre del hombre a quien la fe cristiana reconoce como divino, y por eso lo llama Dios. Cyril of Alexandria was not only one of the finest Christian theologians of his day, he also stands out in the ranks of the greatest patristic writers of all generations as perhaps the most powerful exponent of Christology the church has known. [1] The Alexandrian tradition thus placed a heavier emphasis on the trans-historical, spiritual meaning of Scripture, while the Antiochene tradition stressed the primacy of the literal, historically situated meaning of Scripture. For Origen, God ordained this historical event in order to guide his people from the letter to the spirit. There is no record of a formal school such as apparently existed at alexandria, although lucian of antioch directed his didascalion and Diodore of Tarsus his 120-146], The Mystery of the Impossible Union of Divinity and Humanity in Jesus Christ, "The Bishop of Rome and the Ecumenical Council of Chalcedon, AD 451: Why Pope Leo Is Doctrinal and Disciplinary Demands were Met," MA Thesis (2011), Duo filii and the homo assumptus in the Christology of Theodore of Mopsuestia: The Greek fragments of the Commentary on John., Is There Room for Two? As mentioned above, Origen does not dismiss the literal meaning of Scripture. 0000004287 00000 n
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The letter brings death when it is separated from the spirit, and when it is turned into an end in itself rather than a means to the end of spiritual obedience. Conceiving Orthodox Christology, reviewing Cyril - pillar of faith'- Miaphysite Soteriology, in light of recent theological research, by Kasper, McGuckin, Meunier, Schoonenberg, Wickham, et al, Dogma and spirituality in Cyrillian logic. Then, there were many different viewpoints of the doctrine proposed by Alexandrian School (ex: Arius, Athansius, and Apollinarius) and Antiochene School (ex: The New Testament describes the early controversy over the question of whether to circumcise Gentile believers (Acts 15). Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. [3] According to Elizabeth Lauro, the somatic sense can be understood as literal, whereas the psychic and pneumatic senses are non-literal. The difference between Alexandria and Antioch was not exegetical; it was theological. The Alexandrian Christology is usually referred to as Christology from above, orLogos SarxChristology. [25], Third, Origen does not argue that the letters proper function is to kill. [1] Donald Fairbairn, Patristic Exegesis and Theology: The Cart and the Horse, Westminster Theological Journal 69 (2007), 10-11; Brevard Childs, The Struggle to Understand Isaiah as Christian Scripture (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004), 132-33; Frances Young, Alexandrian and Antiochene Exegesis, in History of Biblical Interpretation, ed. It is indeed a good and necessary step in the hermeneutical process. In Cyrils letters against to Nestorius, Cyril not only defends the title Theotokos against accusations that it was reviving the heresy of Apollinariusm, but he denies the very legitimacy of using alternative Christological schemes a such as the association of personas the Antiochian thinkers had spoken of. [], [] Alexandrians vs. Antiochenes on Mosaic Law (Part 1) []. For Origen, fixation on the literal sense is precisely what led both Jews and Gnostics astray. On the one hand, Jewish interpreters insisted on the total and literal application of Mosaic Law, compelling Christians to defend the supremacy of the revelation of Christ. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. 0000007102 00000 n
Alexandria and Antioch had developed very different views on the matter: The Alexandrian school leaned towards Christs humanity and divinity being absorbed into each other while Antioch leaned towards maintaining the human and divine in Christ as two separate beings. In particular, I will focus on his Commentary on Romans and show how his hermeneutical distinction between letter and spirit favors the continuity of Mosaic Law in Christian ethics. This was seen in Clements belief in the eternity of matter and thought, and in cosmic cycles predating the creation of the world. For Ariu s Christ was a creature, generated Nestorius was enthroned as archbishop on April 10th 428. While the Alexandrian school adopted the "hypostasis union" or the "nature union" of the 845 (2012) 153-177. Origens chief target was Marcion (ca. But the relationship between these two senses is like that between an earthenware vessel and a treasure hidden inside. 0000001508 00000 n
The contemporary historian Socrates called Nestorius a proud and ignorant man whose innate and undisputed oratorical power masked a weakness of incisive thought. WebAlexandria as they had his teacher Origen, but Arius almost single-handedly ushered in an era in which the church was well-nigh intoxicated with Christology, though he did so from a Trinitarian perspective and did not waste much time on the articulation between Christs disparate natures. 0000008102 00000 n
Para Nestorio, el lenguaje del intercambio de propiedades era en general sospechoso, y con frecuencia odioso. The Alexandrian Christology is usually referred to as Christology from above, orLogos SarxChristology. Jesucristo era plenamente humano y plenamente divino. Angels were bound to natural law,[16] Gentiles to natural and civil laws, Jews to natural and ceremonial laws, and Christians to the law of Christ. 0000000940 00000 n
In scriptural exegesis it placed more emphasis on the %PDF-1.3
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Thus, like his predecessors Philo and Clement, Origen believed that the essence of Mosaic Law is also found in natural law. WebAlexandrian and Antiochian approaches to hermeneutics as deployed by John Chrysostom and Gregory of Nyssa as they work with the Beatitudes Typically, the view of Alexandrian and Antiochian hermeneutics has been one of dichotomy: Alexandrians were allegorical, and Antiochians were literal-historical. According to Marcion, the material world was created by an inferior deity known as a Demiurge, who revealed himself to the Hebrews and gave them a law of strict retributive justice. [18] In fact, throughout his Romans commentary, Origen arguesthat Paul speaks more often of natural law than Mosaic Law. WebCompatibility of Antiochene and Alexandrian Christology - Read online for free. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ", Popular Controversies in World History: Investigating History's Intriguing Questions, Anglican Theological Review 94:3 (Summer), De Medio Aevo 2 (2012 / 2) ISSN-e 2255-5889. In fact, Philo goes so far as to say that Greek philosophers must have appropriated their thought from Moses himself. James O. Duke (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2009), 1:174-78. [7] Piotr Ashwin-Siejkowski, Clement of Alexandria on Trial: The Evidence of Heresy from Photius Bibliotheca (Boston: Brill, 2010), 40-43, 75. This distinction corresponds in some degree to his distinction between letter and spirit, and it is only the ceremonial law as letter that Origen rejects. Rather, the destruction of the Jewish temple in AD 70 nullified literal observance of the law. WebThe Alexandrian and Antiochian Christological Thoughts1 Many scholars attribute the problem of the Christological formula concerning the nature of Christ "Mia-physis and Dyophyses" to the controversy between the Alexandrian and the Antiochian theology. In the following centuries, the church faced opposition on two fronts. Externally, the schools are not as distinct as they have been made out to be: the Alexandrians do not allegorize away the OT as much as has been thought, and the Antiochenes are not necessarily more literal in their methods than the Alexandrians. Whether or not one is persuaded of Edwardss argument here, it is true that Origen sees bodily existence as basically good. Rather than being a prison house, our bodies give us the opportunity to exercise virtue and grow into the likeness of God. WebCyril of Alexandria was not only one of the finest Christian theologians of his day, he also stands out in the ranks of the greatest patristic writers of all generations as perhaps the most powerful exponent of Christology the church has known.
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