She asks the nurse,"Why did this have to happen to me again? d. Nuclei. Schwann cells myelinate PNS axons. What should the nurse explain to the patient regarding the role of serotonin and depression? A) mechanically gated channel 41. c. olfactory information. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? - Neurons have one or more long, slender projections called dendrites, which receive electrical impulses from other neurons. 4. d. hypothalamus. b. cingulate cortex. 43. B. Therefore, the axon can release one or more neurotransmitters simultaneously, creating singular or multiple events. d. act as transcription factors. The actual cause of the neurodegenerative component of the disease is however unclear. The structure that meets the spinal cord in the hindbrain is the: Answer: They are constantly dividing Explanation: Neurons are like different cells in the body on the grounds that: Neurons are encircled by a cell . b. autosomal chromosomes. d. pineal gland. In the discussion section the authors wrote "In this study, we observed that different paradigms of tES application could ameliorate motor function impairments in ICH induced by collagenase administration into the striatum of rats.". A substance that directly activates gene transcription is likely acting as a: D) are crucial for the development of neural connections, An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is associated with ________. A. Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia lying outside the central nervous system. A) An inhibitory postsynaptic potential occurs if the inhibitory effect is greater than the excitatory, causing hyperpolarization of the membrane. 66. Which of the following are true about neurons? If the electrode is removed, a potential of zero is recorded again. A drug that caused someone to make a reckless decision might be affecting the: It impacts your spinal cord and the nerves that transmit and receive messages between your brain and the rest of your body. C) are crucial in the production of neurotransmitters Central Nervous System Cell body c. Ganglion d. Axon, Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? d. a transcription factor. 48. b. Which type of microglial cells promote inflammation? the afferent division of the nervous system. lowers the probability of producing an action potential. Which of the following is an EXCITATORY neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal. b. expect to find increased blood flow. An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is associated with ________. help to circulate the cerebrospinal fluid. B) A nerve impulse occurs if the excitatory and inhibitory effects are equal. d. ventral root. D) tracts, The term central nervous system refers to the ________. Central Nervous System Oligodendrocytes form and maintain the blood-brain barrier. C) They are mitotic. Correct option is C) Sensory neurons receive sensory inputs from the internal and external environment and transmit it to CNS (brain and spinal cord) for processing. ANSWER : The neurons are included in the somatic body cells but are. threshold Voltage-gated Na+ Multiple Choice. order to draw a diagram in her notebook. d) There, In order for skeletal muscle cells to contract, they must be excited by motor neurons. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? Which of the following is false or incorrect? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are _____., Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? When the neurons were damaged, the number of Nissl corpuscles decreased significantly . a. Neurons are a type of cell and are part of the nervous system. Tell why you think so. 31. The hills on the surface of the brain are referred to as: (1991) finds that the CA1 neuron exhibits trains of action potentials when a small current (< 1 nA) is applied to the soma, but a full calcium spike and burst followed by trains of action potentials when the same small current is applied to . From a historical standpoint, no other cell type has attracted as much attention or caused as much controversy as the nerve cell. D) biogenic amine, A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is called a(n) ________. 15. When one or more presynaptic neurons fire in rapid order it produces a much greater depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane than would result from a single EPSP; this event is called ________ summation. having a low appetite. spindle fibres to divide the cell. 75. 1. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? B) large nerve fibers Current flows continuously, Local current flows 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. b. hindbrain. D) positively charged and contains more sodium, If a motor neuron in the body were stimulated by an electrode placed about midpoint along the length of the axon ________. The former make connections from the spinal cord to the muscles. A disease that destroyed astrocytes would be expected to: b. Myelin prevents conduction of electricity from the axon hillock to the axon terminal. D) effector, What is the role of acetylcholinesterase? Which does NOT describe nervous tissue? What are the different classes of neurons and their functions? Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? b. Neurotransmitters C) ganglia c. provide the defense for the CNS. d. acetylcholine. 60. They control, in this way, from the movement of an arm, thoughts and even feelings through electrical signals that are called nerve impulses. d. tremor. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Europe's communications systems? The parasympathetic nervous system prepares the body for rigorous activity. What are the functional classifications of neurons? Which of the choices below describes the ANS? a. a) Neurons are specialized to conduct electrical impulses. C. Myelin traps sodium ions in the axon, What does myelin do for neurons? c. basal ganglia. a. Schwann cells b. oligodendrocytes c. astroc, What kind of nerve cells are thought to be helpers for the neurons? They conduct impulses. 8. B) voltage-gated channel Enkephalins and endorphins are peptides that act like morphine. d. Sympathetic ganglion, 24. Longevity 2. True or False, Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes. b. What are the basic divisions of the peripheral nervous system? a. forebrain. Glial scars may impair recovery from brain injury because: However, the electrical impulse cannot pass directly from a nerve cell to the skeletal muscle cells to excite them. D) A single type of channel will open, permitting simultaneous flow of sodium and potassium. The reticular activating system includes all of the following structures except: A) efferent neuron Select the correct statement regarding synapses. C) sensory neurons that convey information from somatic receptors in the head, body wall, and limbs and from receptors from the special senses of vision, hearing, taste, and smell to the CNS A. thow ion selectivity C. are gated A. D) sensory and motor neurons that supply the digestive tract, What are ciliated CNS neuroglia that play an active role in moving the cerebrospinal fluid called? The resting membrane potential is maintained by Na+-K+ pumps that actively transport __ into and ___ out of the cell. Two subtypes of motor neurons have been identified: inferior and superior. The Macklis Lab is directed toward (1) understanding molecular controls and mechanisms over neuron sub-type development, diversity, axon guidance-circuit formation, and degeneration in the cerebral cortex, and (2) applying developmental controls toward brain and spinal cord regeneration and directed differentiation for in vitro therapeutic and mechanistic screening. A) the membrane potential has been reestablished c. Hypoglossal nerve These gases are neurotransmitters that act indirectly. Stimulation of initial axon segment a. the hippocampus. Serotonin is a biogenic amine neurotransmitter widely distributed in the brain, where it plays a role in emotional behavior and helps to regulate the biological clock. a) norepinephrine b) cholinesterase c) gamma aminobutyric acid d) acetylcholine. d. the person has a history of drug abuse. FUNCTIONS OF ORGANELL NEURONS<br><br>The nerve cell - neuron - is a structural and functional unit of nervous tissue. 6. The oligodendrocytes can myelinate several axons, Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia lying outside the central nervous system, During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative. 2. Which of the following is expected to occur first if the membrane potential decrease shown in the graph on the left were to reach the threshold value indicated at ~ -55 mV? The concentration of __ is higher inside than outside the cell. Classify neurons according to their structure. c. meninges. o Neurons have a very long lifespan Have low mitotic activity fie cannot undergo cell division) O Ability to transmit electrical signals (i.e. c. the thalamus. b. glial cells. a. sodium b. chloride c. calcium d. potassium, A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is call a(n) _____. C) association neuron Which of the following stimuli caused the reaction in the graph on the left? 28. c. M2 microglial cells Which functional classification of neurons is the most numerous? O They conduct impulses. c. in the synapse. The interior is ________. Calcium influx into the synaptic terminal causes vesicle fusion. _____________ is the study of how genes support the function of neurons. A . 14. A disorder that damaged oligodendrocytes would be expected to impede neurotransmission. c. a Mendelian disease. The correct answer is (d) All of these are characteristic of neurons. Be Imagine a neuron that has several hundred axonal knobs impinging on it. b. True or False, A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane. Cold sores on the skin of the mouth occur when herpes simplex viruses that are dormant in neural ganglia become active and travel to the skin of the mouth. 2. (d) All of these are characteristic of neurons. c) Neurons are the most abundant type of cell in nervous tissue. Potentials that are short-lived, local changes in membrane potential that can be either depolarized or hyperpolarized are called ________ potentials. d. Inhibited salvation. D) ATP and other purines a. alertness. A) the impulse would move to the axon terminal only. Oligodendrocytes form: The oligodendrocytes can myelinate several axons. 61. a. Collections of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system are called ________. c. gene duplication. A drug that inhibited the reticular activating system would most likely cause: b. prevent electrical impulses from traveling down axons. a. Oligodendrocytes The nucleus accumbens facilitates fear and aggression. Hepatocytes and neurons express low baseline CB1R and CB2R, respectively, and their cell-type-specific functions are not well defined. d. transcription factor. Which of the following is false or incorrect? response? The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. C) neurolemma D) nitric oxide, Which of the following describes the excitatory postsynaptic potential? Which of the following is NOT a function or characteristic of neurons? 2.Motor. a. receives input from sensory neurons b. directs activity of motor neurons that innervate muscles and glands c. contains association neurons within the brain and spinal cord d. conta, Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? It is concluded that motor and sensory axons have a different substrate preference at early postnatal stages but this difference is lost in the adult. Write a paragraph describing the d. None of these are correct. adjacent axon segment. How are women stereotyped by men in Lamb to the Slaughter by Roald Dahl? A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is called a(n) ________. Download Citation | Crosstalk between m6A mRNAs and m6A circRNAs and the time-specific biogenesis of m6A circRNAs after OGD/R in primary neurons | Cerebral ischaemiareperfusion injury is an . Learn about the neuron diagram, structure, and function. D) control the chemical environment around neurons a. other neurons b. muscles c. glands d. all of the above, All of the following are characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons EXCEPT: a. d. implicit memory. 9. a. sensory neuron b. interneuron c. motor neuron d. gland e. muscle. B. Myelin prevents the conduction of electricity from the axon hillock to the axon terminal. Describe annual cleanupthat isfrequently present in these agreements. 68. Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase. Which component has a role in the postsynaptic cell during synaptic activity? taking the substance. What are the small lower motor neurons that innervate intrafusal muscle fibers that are part of specialized stretch receptors called? In myelinated axons the voltage-regulated sodium channels are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier. Discovering that someone has glial scars means suggests that: d. Sensory, Which neuron structure receives impulses from the preceding cell? d. The cerebral cortex is found on the surface of the brain. Psych 4035 Ch 3 Practice and Reading Quizzes, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Charles Welsh, Cynthia Prentice-Craver, David Shier, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis, Chapter 3 Formatting Documents- Val Caylor. . 56. Specialized cells in the nervous system that control behavior, senses, and movement are called: a. neurons. c. The person may stop breathing. a. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. Neuronal processes that normally conduct impulses toward neuron cell bodies are called and those that carry impulses away from neuron cell bodies are called. The cell bodies of the upper motor neurons are located in the spinal cord B. It is impossible in a single chapter to delineate comprehensively the extensive structural, topographical and functional variation achieved by this cell type. a. the classification is based on the number of processes extending from the cell body b. multipolar neurons have several axons and one dendrite c. most neurons in the; Which of the following neurons forms the blood-brain barrier? It is shown that localized co-injection of lidocaine derivative QX-314 and receptor agonists is able to block cold sensitivity in mice in a targeted way, with implications for treating cold pain associated with injury and disease. c. ventricles. c. the structure is further out to the side of the brain. Hint. 72. If a loud noise made you jump, which structure was most likely responsible for this b. cause aggressive behavior. b. a Mendelian disease. Which of the following would NOT be an example of having an activated sympathetic Identify the neuron type described: Two neuron types whose cell bodies are in the spinal cord (CNS). capacity of divide via mitosis due to absence of centrosomes. The cell body is the metabolic center of the neuron. How can potentially poisonous gases like NO and CO be used by the body? (c) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. Sensory and motor divisions. Ans: they are mitotic Unli . c. genes. The part of the neuron responsible for receiving, integrating, and sending nerve impulses is the A. dendrite. Which of the following is not true of graded potentials? Treatment of pain with local anesthetics leads to an unfavorable decrease in general sensory acuity due to their indiscriminate block of both pain sensing . 2 introduce new . 18. What is an example of a presynaptic cell? A patient is admitted to the hospital with exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). a. Pons B) Group A fibers are mostly somatic sensory and motor and are the smallest in diameter. What distinguishes nerve cells and other excitable membranes (e.g., muscle cells) is that they are capable of changing their resting potential. d. cingulate cortex. c. interneurons make inhibitory connections with damaged neurons. True or False, The overlapping functions of the nervous system are sensory input, integration, and motor output. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?
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