By 1898, Cubans had already been waging an armed struggle for independence from Spain for three years.". While the Rough Riders fired the first shot in the war and were the first to raise the U.S. flag in Cuba, their exploits were greatly mythologized. Americans had long been interested in the Spanish colony of Cuba, one of the last remnants of Spains once-great American empire. Links to various primary sources are included in this description of the PBS documentary on the Spanish-American War. Historians disagree whether McKinley reluctantly now followed an enraged American public into war or whether he actively shaped that opinion. some aspects of the war? and labor leader Samuel Gompers. How were events Wikipedia, Florida Atlantic University Libraries A typewritten explanatory note at the front of the scrapbook states that the photographs were taken in the San Francisco vicinity between 1898 and 1899. The introduction is written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler, who served in both the Spanish-American War and the Each picture should have your own written caption. Alternatively, excerpted versions of these documents are available as part of the downloadable PDF. Also search by subject for specific people and events, then scan the titles for those keywords or others such as memoirs, autobiography, report, or personal narratives. Educators earn digital badges that certify knowledge, skill, and experience. c. mar The two sides signed a peace treaty in Paris on December 10. 0000031870 00000 n
He declined the offers of European powers, led by Germany and France, to mediate the dispute. Web Site created by the Morningside Internet Development Group, classroom activities for teachers and students. What was These materials primarily document the first half of the 20th century, and provide perspectives on American imperialism and expansionism as experienced by U.S. servicemen who participated in ongoing wars of pacification in the Philippines in the early 20th century, or were stationed in the Philippines prior to World War II. He urged the South to abandon its longstanding agrarian economy for a modern economy grounded in factories, mines, and mills. 0000007790 00000 n
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Would students conclude that the American people have found military heroes to be good government leaders as well? One scholar has concluded concerning the American occupation that "In the fifteen years that followed the defeat of the Spanish in Manila Bay in 1898, more Filipinos were killed by U.S. forces than by the Spanish in 300 years of colonization. Review the directions and activity with the students, paying particular attention to the requirements of the project, which vary depending on the role assigned. The U.S. Army, which invaded Cuba in early June, was far from ready to fight; its weaknesses became painfully clear over the next few months despite successes such as the famous charge of Roosevelts Rough Riders. On April 25, after Spain broke diplomatic relations and declared war against the United States, Congress formally asserted that a state of war existed. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898. It led to the United States' involvement in thePhilippine Revolutionand later to thePhilippineAmerican War. At this point the French became directly involved in the war. If time permits, students could peer evaluate their classmates for an additional grade. place in the Philippines on May 1, in the Battle of According to the U.S. Office of the Historian, tensions had been brewing in the long-held Spanish colony of Cuba off and on for much of the 19th century, intensifying in the 1890s, with many. William McKinley on American Expanionism (1903) After the surrender of the Spanish in the Spanish-American War, the United States assumed control of the Philippines Digital collection of the National Archives, covering the Great Depression and WWII. Reading and Transcribing Original Documents, https://kwlibguides.lonestar.edu/PrimarySources-History, Colonial America/American Revolution/Early Republic, American Imperialism: The Spanish-American War Primary Source Set, Crucible of Empire: The Spanish American War: PBS, Documents Relating to American Foreign Policy 1898-1914, The Spanish-American War in Motion Pictures: Library of Congress, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power: Library of Congress, Theodore Roosevelt: A Resource Guide: Library of Congress. With its victory in the Spanish-American War the United States claimed status as a global power and, in a relative absence of mind, it acquired something of an overseas empire. The Spanish-American War lasted only six weeks and resulted in a decisive victory for the United States. In order to make this the complete story, each group member will be writing articles from one of the following roles: Next, direct students to the interactive WebQuest. as provided for in the Teller Amendment, did not try Purpose. In an outline of major developments in United States foreign policy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which entry would be the . The Library of Congress offers classroom materials and professional development to help teachers effectively use primary sources from the Library's vast digital collections in their teaching. What evidence do students find to evaluate whether media coverage was sensationalized or factual? 0000025375 00000 n
On the board make another list of President McKinleys arguments about the necessity of going to war. Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Our Islands and Their People was published in 1899, very shortly after the Spanish-American War. Victory in the Spanish-American War transformed a. blight Though short in duration, the Spanish-American War is an integral part of history. >>
Download the Text Document for this lesson, (available here as a PDF Document). But not only was the role of the Rough Riders exaggerated, it also displaced attention from the black soldiers who made up almost 25 percent of the U. S. force in Cuba. Yellow journalismexaggerated the atrocities to further increase public fervor and to sell more newspapers and magazines. These regiments were posted in the West and Southwest where they were heavily engaged in the Indian War. The Spanish-American War was an 1898 conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. Wikipedia Online Sources: Mexican-American War Your article must be at least two typed pages. of the New York Journalviewed public interest in U.S. troops' presence was designed to lure Mexico into starting the conflict, putting the onus on Mexico and allowing Polk to argue to Congress that a declaration of war should be issued. Among these are soldiers' reminiscences about the conflict and short histories designed to acquaint an American audience with Puerto Rico in the earliest years of its affiliation with the United States." The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo transferred the northern half of Mexico to US control.*. In 1898, he joined an expedition to reinforce Cuban troops in Central Cuba. Short films showed such scenes as servicemen Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain, Reprint of a letter by Rev. 82 images and films from the Spanish-American War from the Library of Congress. Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. Covers the Spanish - American War and World War I. island, attempting to seize power from Spain. president of the United States in 1901. De Lome letter, 1897 more. 15 0 obj
Several hundred thousand lives were lost on both sides, most of them non-combatants, out of a total population of less than two million. How is he presented in each primary source? 0000008940 00000 n
Prominent statesmen like Theodore Roosevelt and Senator Henry Cabot Lodge argued that a great nation like the United States could not honorably stand by while Cuba was devastated and depopulated. 0
Encourage students to only use the resources on the WebQuest, as they have been selected to aid them in focusing in on their research topic. Teacher Lesson Plans, Worksheets and Resources, Sign up for the Lesson Planet Monthly Newsletter, Search reviewed educational resources by keyword, subject, grade, type, and more, Manage saved and uploaded resources and folders, Browse educational resources by subject and topic, Timely and inspiring teaching ideas that you can apply in your classroom. Use questions generated about multiple historical sources to pursue further inquiry and investigate additional sources. Content by Great Projects Film Company, Inc. Save time lesson planning by exploring our library of educator reviews to over 550,000 open educational resources (OER). The Treaty of Paris, ending the Spanish-American War, A. The magazine from the WebQuest should be graded as a formal assessment. This guide is an introduction to what primary sources are in the field of history, how to use primary sources, how to read and transcribe original documents and links to on-line primary sources by historic topic. establish permanent control over Cuba. The Special Presentation presents the motion pictures in chronological order together with brief essays that provide a historical context for their filming." Explain points of agreement and disagreement experts have about interpretations and applications of disciplinary concepts and ideas associated with a compelling question. The Spanish-American War (April 21 - August 13, 1898) was a period of armed conflict between Spain and the United States.Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence.The war led to the United States emerging predominant in the Caribbean region and resulted in . These films were made by the Edison Manufacturing Company and the American Mutoscope & Biograph Company and consist of actualities filmed in the U.S., Cuba, and the Philippines, showing troops, ships, notable figures, and parades, as well as reenactments of battles and other war-time events. $20 million. To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer into his second term. events from the war were actually re-enactments. Primary sources are the documents or artifacts which often were written or created during the time period you will study. 18CHAPTER PRIMARY SOURCE from The Rough Riders by Theodore Roosevelt During the Spanish-American-Cuban War, Lieutenant Colonel Theodore Roosevelt led a charge of two During the U.S. war in the Philippines between 1899 and 1904 (which grew out of the Spanish-American War that had erupted in 1898), ordinary American soldiers shared the nationalist zeal of their commanders and pursued the Filipino enemy with brutality and sometimes outright lawlessness. The correspondents' war; journalists in the Spanish-American War. An all-in-one learning object repository and curriculum management platform that combines Lesson Planets library of educator-reviews to open educational resources with district materials and district-licensed publisher content. In 1895, the Cuban Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain by United States, Reprint of a letter by Rev. The United Creategroups of four and explain to students that it is the fall of 1898 and they are all writers for a national magazine. 0 Degrees Ascendant, In its American territories, Spain 14 terms. Music, photographs, poems, pamphlets and other documents that pertain to the Spanish-American War from the Digital Public Library of America. typically relied on secondhand information. /Prev 51130
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Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. Compare and contrast treatments of Locate and bookmark suggested materials and links from EDSITEment reviewed websites used in this lesson. telegraphs as the basis for their stories, however, American Imperialism: The Spanish-American War Primary Source Set Music, photographs, poems, pamphlets and other documents that pertain to the Spanish-American War from the Digital Public Library of America. Spain offered only limited reforms and recalled General Weyler. The conflict had complex beginnings. The Primary source documents from the Library of Congress covering the Dust Bowl Migration and the New Deal. Luke V. McCabe by Luke V. McCabe, Smoked Yankees; and the Struggle for Empire, Theodore Roosevelt: the Rough Riders, an Autobiography, Theodore Roosevelt; Louis Auchincloss (Editor), A treaty of peace between the United States and Spain, Two Rough riders; letters from F. Allen McCurdy and J. Kirk McCurdy, War correspondence (Hispano-American war) Letters from Dr. Nicholas Senn, Spanish-American War - Academic Video Online Database, "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets: A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899, "Shameful Treachery": Hearsts Journal Blames Spain, "Suspended Judgment": A Times Editorial on the Maine Tragedy, American Imperialism: The Spanish American War, George Percival Scriven: An American in Bohol, the Philippines, 1899-1901, Guide to the Spanish American War (Library of Congress), Library of Congress: Images: Spanish-American War, Major Events of the Spanish-American War (Topics in Chronicling America) (Library of Congress), Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the president transmitted to Congress December 5, 1898, Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age: Nineteenth- and Early-Twentieth-Century Perspectives, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 1, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 2, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 3, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 4, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 5, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 6, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 7, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 8, South Carolina and the Spanish American War, Spanish-American War - Photographs and Cartoons from the Graupner Family Papers - Through University of California, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power (Library of Congress), The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power - Library of Congress, The Spanish-American War in Motion Pictures - Library of Congress, Spanish American War: Topics in Chronicling America - Library of Congress, Spanish American War Diary of Clarence C. Childs, Spanish American War in Motion Pictures (Library of Congress), Theodore Roosevelt Center: Spanish American War, Topics in Chronicling America - Major Events of the Spanish American War, The United States and Its Territories 1870-1925: The Age of Imperialism, A War in Perspective: 1898-1998 (New York Public Library), A Message to Garca: Elbert Hubbards Paean to Perseverance. The garrison The sinking of the battleship Maine in Havana harbor on 15 February 1898 provided a dramatic casus belli for the Spanish-American War, but underlying causes included U.S. Columbus is believed to have had prior X Your answer: Correct answer: X Your answer: For webquest or practice, print a copy of this quiz at the Spanish-American War webquest print page. These yellow journalists especially two competing New York newspapers (William Randolph Hearsts Journal and Joseph Pulitzers World) sensationalized the atrocities of Butcher Weyler and urged American intervention. the war as an opportunity to sell newspapers. About this quiz: All the questions on this pon1024. Click the title for location and availability information. NCSS.D2.His.14.9-12. States and Spain. to annex it. Roosevelt Announcement of peace; Signatures. Everything for the assignment, including specific instructions for each part and all of the resources, has been placed on the WebQuest. Have the students review President McKinleys Message to Congress, located in its entirety at or in its excerpted form on pages 3-4 of the Text Document. Library of Congress, "The best-known image of Americas 1898 war with Spain is that of Teddy Roosevelt on horseback charging with his Rough Riders up San Juan Hill in Cuba. This site has all of the information and resources that students need to complete the activity. 28 0 obj
Download and print out selected documents and duplicate copies as necessary for student viewing. Maine, at anchor. 0000000017 00000 n
Combine these these terms with the event or person you are researching. 14 0 obj
an end to the conflict, with the Spanish accepting Emerging Global Involvement. Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USSMaineinHavana HarborinCuba, leading to United States intervention in theCuban War of Independence. 8. 12 0 obj
for newspapers to publish photographs allowed the Hostilities formally ended on August 12, 1898. Message from the President of the United States : transmitting the report of the Naval Court of Inquiry upon the Destruction of the United States Battle Ship Maine in Havana Harbor, February 15, 1898, together with the testimony taken before the court. Yellow journalism was a style of newspaper reporting that emphasized sensationalism over facts. This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. <<
identify when a film is a re-creation of a scene? States and Spain by which Cuba would become In its American territories, Spain 14 terms. The Cuban insurrectos, who wanted complete independence from Spain (and from the United States), also rejected compromise. The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars [3 Volumes], History of Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War, Letters of a Volunteer in the Spanish-American War, The Maine An Account of her Destruction in Havana Harbor by Charles D. Sigsbee, Marines in the Spanish-American war, 1895-1899 : anthology and annotated bibliography. The Mexican -American War (or Mexican War) lasted a little over a year and a half (from 1846 to 1848) and ended with the capture of Mexico City by US forces and the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. Although the cause of the explosion of the USS Maine was unknown, for example, Integrate evidence from multiple relevant historical sources and interpretations into a reasoned argument about the past. TheSpanishAmerican War(April 21 August 13, 1898) was a period ofarmed conflictbetweenSpainand theUnited States. Spanish-American War, (1898), conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories in the The name of that territory is. stream
The United States protected its interests in Latin American countries with military and diplomatic actions. NCSS.D2.His.12.9-12. It is your job to report on the issues/events leading up to the war. Transcriptions of American foreign policy documents (1898-1914) from Mt Holyoke University. MrTaylorCaseHS. NCSS.D2.His.5.9-12. Revolts had been occurring for some years in Cuba againstSpanish colonialrule. The obvious inference was that Spain was responsible. /H [ 751 272 ]
44d. In May, U.S. troops landed in Puerto Rico, where /L 51506
"The White Man's Burden" According to Kipling. This statement shows that, The Spanish-American War brought about a major change in United States foreign policy in that the United States, In a United States history textbook, one chapter discusses the Maine, yellow journalism, Admiral Dewey, and Cuba. The two cavalry regiments, the 9th and 10th, were retained. /Length 200
Students might compare and contrast this film to On April 19, Congress passed the Teller Amendment, which said that the United States would not It is a large, two-volume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. 0000025171 00000 n
On February 15, an explosion sank the Wellcome Collection, CC BY. document makes about the sinking of the Maine. Few of them could speak English, and I couldnt speak much Spanish. /ID [<28bf4e5e4e758a4164004e56fffa0108><28bf4e5e4e758a4164004e56fffa0108>]
b. eradicate The humanitarian disaster in Cuba caught the attention of the popular press in the United States. Use questions generated about individuals and groups to assess how the significance of their actions changes over time and is shaped by the historical context. The official U.S. investigation concluded that the ship had been destroyed by a submarine mine of unknown origin. Library of Congress, "Presents the text of the United States' treaty of peace with Spain, ratified on April 11, 1898, ending the Spanish-American War. However, the war had far-reaching effects for both the United involving the Maine covered in the media? Las castas" - Painting containing complete set of 16 casta combinations. The Library of Congress offers this detailed history of the Spanish American War from historical papers. Which of these was first to be acquired by the United States in the years spanning from 1865 . Was the Spanish-American War a fundamental shift in American foreign policy? War in Motion Pictures using the term reenactment.. They publish secondary sources - often scholarly articles or books - that explain their interpretation. }ysU XcV6pm?B "8K0sKck[pEncf&pq|F9%gM2#oLyqX^s u3~7HQ"Jf]i*M~+Sx
FG?,mPYI2Lde5|e0Jv,QpLy?nxv}Sk One major result of the Spanish-American War was that the United States, The United States has intervened in Latin America affairs when United States self-interest has been involved, Which statement best summarizes the United States policy in Latin America in the 20th century. events in Cuba. It is your job to your job is to report on the opposition to the War. These primary sources may help students understand key aspects of the Spanish-American War, including its 1898, the American Anti-Imperialist League was SURVEY. It is no exaggeration to say that that the United States owed its victory in the Revolutionary War to the Kingdom of France. Hubbards story described the activities of U.S. Army Lieutenant Andrew S. Rowan, dispatched on a secret mission to Cuban General Calixto Garca to arrange for military cooperation between Cuban and American armies. Covers the Spanish - American War and World War I. natural part of the nations Manifest Destiny--the independence for many years. How did the Spanish American War change the course of American foreign policy. In this activity, students will use an interactive WebQuest in which they create a magazine about the Spanish-American War. The anti-interventionists pointed to serious human rights abuses by the insurrectos and argued that security and honor for the United States meant staying out the quarrels of others. The United States acquired a bunch of territories - Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico. Drew Barrymore Show Today's Recipe, 0000007989 00000 n
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What has changed? Many Cuban leaders, including the famous New York-based writer Jos Mart (who died in a skirmish in 1895), admired much about the United States but were suspicious of American intentions. l R endstream
The war led to the United States emerging predominant in theCaribbeanregionand resulted in the U.S. acquisition ofSpain's Pacific possessions. Hostilities were halted on August 12, 1898. Within three months, the Spanish government sued for peace. an imperial power? Analyze change and continuity in historical eras. Our dead will live with it forever. What events occurred to lead to the actual war? This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. the Philippines in exchange for a U.S. payment of The Spanish-American War signaled the emergence of the US as a great power onto the world stage of international relations and diplomacy. More recent events in Vietnam, Somalia, and Yugoslavia bear striking parallels to those of 1898. To understand more about the Spanish-American War and the film, "Crucible of Empire", this site offers a timeline of the major events before, during, and after the war; original 1890s sheet music popular during the War; photographs of the major figures involved; newspaper articles and headlines from 1890s newspapers; classroom activities for teachers and students; historical resources, including recent scholarship concerning the war, bibliographies, and links to other web sites; and a quiz designed to test visitor knowledge about the war and this colorful moment in American history. The introduction is written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler, who served in both the Spanish-American War and the x]F7wI5& A0 Uj2XLl1[HJ:F;/i:~wwGyG6ot1Y}}GE{~77_$M3.{x`d\xyWR.6%2{I\bw5&h~3zUew/zn(xz~j{3*y3%/vW;=Yu{;Hm|gB!>S7h2;HL;ut=jC79*^L:/Ixx{9>;hV}{Pv:QG%J'9@[VG?-7\n4U~e{N=%:3hXpfW_Niel/gjYXv&`Z{I!V{=bqckGE The United States acquired a bunch of territories - Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico. What they may not remember is that this was the war that steered the United States to center stage as a world power. American citizens and property on the island were often caught in the middle of the violence. I; Vol. <<
Focus on the The Big Type War of the Yellow Kids cartoon. Q. Crucible of Empire: The Spanish American War: PBS causes, the role of journalism before and during the war, Theodore Roosevelts participation in the war, and The Battle of San Juan Hill, also known as the Battle for the San Juan Heights, was a major battle of the SpanishAmerican War fought between an American force under the command of LEVEL: This particular lesson is designed for an 11th grade classroom. /O 14
self-governing on January 1, 1898. Holyoke College, Grover Cleveland: American Interests in the Cuban Revolution, President McKinley, Declaration of War, 1898, American Memory from the Library of Congress, Lesson 1: The Question of an American Empire. Students might also look at other documents in the set to (561) 297-6911, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E717 .B7, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E715 .R75 2000, Call Number: Reference (Non-circulating) E715 .E53 2009 Holdings: v.1-v.3, with official photographs by United States naval photographer, E. H. Hart, Call Number: Call Number: Online - free - HathiTrust, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & GOVDOC : D 214.13:SP 2, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & Special Collections, Weiner Early American Collection (Non-circulating) E721.6 .L55 1898, Call Number: Jupiter General Collection E725.5.N3 S55 1987. The excerpt, which is about two-and-a-half pages long, is included here along with six questions about the text. Library of Congress, "The first scrapbook (BANC PIC 1964.026) was assembled by Graupner in 1899.
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